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Cleanliness Class Definition
Cleanliness levels are usually expressed in terms of the maximum number of particles allowed per cubic meter of air; the smaller this number is, the higher the cleanliness level is represented. For example, a Class 5 clean room means that a maximum of 100 dust particles greater than or equal to 0.5 microns per cubic meter of air is allowed. A class 100,000 clean room would allow 500 such particles, and so on, while a class 10,000 would be 100 and a class 100 would be 5.
Classification of Cleanliness Levels
Clean rooms are usually categorized into Class 5, Class 6, Class 7, etc., with different classes corresponding to different application scenarios and production requirements. For example, class 5 clean room is suitable for semiconductor, microelectronics and other industries that require very high cleanliness, while class 7 clean room may be used for general food processing or light industrial production.
Cleanliness Level Standards
Cleanroom cleanliness standards usually follow international standards such as ISO 14644-1 and U.S. Federal Standard 209E. These standards not only define the classification of cleanliness levels, but also cover test methods, evaluation criteria and other relevant content. In China, relevant standards also include GB 50073-2013 "Design Code for Clean Plants" and GB 50591-2010 "Code for Construction and Acceptance of Cleanrooms".
Importance of Cleanliness Levels
Cleanliness levels are critical to ensuring product quality and productivity. Different industries have different cleanliness requirements, so when designing and constructing a clean room, the production needs of the product and the specific cleanliness level standard must be taken into account. For example, in the pharmaceutical industry, cleanliness levels have a direct impact on the sterility and safety of pharmaceutical products.
Table of cleanliness levels
Air Filtration Technology
Air filtration technology is a core component of a clean room, with high-efficiency filters that can effectively remove tiny particles from the air. HEPA filters are typically capable of filtering out particles above 0.3 microns, achieving a filtration efficiency of over 99.97%, which is vital for industries such as integrated circuit manufacturing. ULPA filters are also available with even higher filtration efficiencies for environments where cleanliness is critical.
Positive Pressure Control Strategy
Positive pressure control of the clean room is to prevent outside air and pollutants from entering the room, usually by making the air supply volume is greater than the sum of the return air volume and exhaust air volume. The static pressure difference between different levels of clean rooms and the static pressure difference with the outside should comply with the regulations to maintain a certain positive pressure. Residual pressure valve as a mechanical device to maintain positive indoor pressure, usually installed in the downwind side of the clean room wall position, to adjust the indoor positive pressure value.
Airflow field design
The airflow field design of the clean room is one of the key factors to ensure cleanliness. Reasonable airflow field design can be realized through the reasonable arrangement of air supply, air return and air exhaust. For non-unidirectional flow clean room with high cleanliness requirement or clean room with large aspect ratio, the air supply form with small air volume and large number of air supply outlets should be used to improve the air supply efficiency and reduce the dust concentration in the clean room.
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